Supernovas

= = = = What Is A Supernova?


 * __ Focus Questions __**
 * 1) ====What exactly is a supernova====
 * 2) ====What causes/precedes them?====
 * 3) ====Different types of Supernovae====
 * 4) ====Facts and Figures====

1.) ﻿A Supernova is a star that explodes and becomes extremely luminous in the process
====2.) Once a significant amount of iron 'ash' has accumulated in the core, the core begins to collapse and heat up, but by this time the temperature is just over 1 billion degrees.A shock wave propagates from the outer core, out through the star's extended atmosphere ( it is a red super giant star by this time), and when this breaks through we see the huge pulse of light that signals the supernova explosion. Because for every reaction there is an equal and opposite one, the expanding shock wave also spawns an inward-traveling shock wave that implodes the core of the star either into a neutron star cinder, or a black hole. The details depend on the mass of the core when the supernova detonates.==== ====Type 1 Supernovae are caused when stars move matter from themselves to their neighbor. Sometimes the star receiving the matter cannot take the amount of matter that it is receiving and will end up trying to fuse carbon and oxygen together uncontrollably. This will cause the star to detonate itself.==== ====Type 2 ﻿Supernovae are caused when dying stars collapse upon themselves. This collapse releases a shock wave of white light which we know as a supernova. A similar shock wave goes inwards and rips apart the star and creates either a black hole or a neutron star cinder.====

3.) Supernovae are divided into two basic physical types:

 * ==== There are 2 basic types of Supernovae. Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 supernovae are found in Binary Star systems (systems with 2 suns) and they blow up when they become too heavy. ====
 * ====Type 2 supernovae are caused when a star dies and collapses upon itself.====

====For example, the Type I (Ia, Ib and Ic) are distinguished from Type II by the absence of [|hydrogen]spectral emission lines in the former (and their presence in the latter). In addition, type Ia are always the same [|mass] and thus the same [|luminosity], which is why they are considered to be standard candles.====
 * ====Type I.==== || ====These result from some [|binary star] systems in which a carbon-oxygen [|white dwarf] is accreting matter from a companion. (What kind of companion star is best suited to produce Type Ia supernovae is hotly debated.) In a popular scenario, so much mass piles up on the white dwarf that its core reaches a critical density of 2 x 109 g/cm3. This is enough to result in an uncontrolled fusion of carbon and oxygen, thus detonating the star.==== ||
 * ====Type II.==== || ====These supernovae occur at the end of a massive star's lifetime, when its nuclear fuel is exhausted and it is no longer supported by the release of nuclear energy. If the star's iron core is massive enough then it will collapse and become a supernova.==== ||

The explosion blows away the stars matter at 10% of the speed of sound
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